UPSSSC Test 12

The health infrastructure of Uttar Pradesh has undergone significant expansion and improvement through sustained government investment and targeted health missions. The National Health Mission, which encompasses both the National Rural Health Mission and the National Urban Health Mission, has been the principal vehicle through which the state has strengthened its primary and secondary health care systems. District hospitals, which serve as the apex facility at the district level, have been upgraded with modern diagnostic equipment, operation theatres, intensive care units, and blood banks. Several district hospitals have been expanded to increase bed capacity and reduce overcrowding, which had historically been a persistent challenge in large districts with high population density. Community Health Centres, or CHCs, serve as the first referral units in the rural health system and are designed to cater to a population of approximately one lakh people. The state has worked to ensure that all CHCs are equipped with the basic facilities mandated under the Indian Public Health Standards, including delivery rooms, newborn care units, and specialist services in surgery, medicine, gynaecology, and paediatrics. Primary Health Centres and sub-centres form the foundation of the rural health delivery system, and significant investments have been made in constructing new PHC buildings, providing residential quarters for health workers, and equipping facilities with essential medicines and diagnostic kits. The state has deployed Asha workers extensively across rural areas, and these community health volunteers have played a critical role in mobilising women for institutional deliveries, immunisation, and tuberculosis treatment adherence. Programmes such as Janani Suraksha Yojana and Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana have substantially increased institutional deliveries, reducing maternal and neonatal mortality. The government has also invested in telemedicine platforms to extend specialist consultation to remote areas and has operationalised the 102 and 108 ambulance services to improve emergency medical response.